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== Historical Development == === Early Attempts === The first systematic organization of elements began in the early 19th century: * 1817: Johann Döbereiner identified chemical triads * 1863: John Newlands proposed the Law of Octaves * 1864: Lothar Meyer developed an early version based on atomic volumes === Mendeleev's Breakthrough === Dmitri Mendeleev published his first periodic table in 1869, making several crucial innovations: * Arranged elements by atomic weight * Left gaps for undiscovered elements * Successfully predicted properties of unknown elements * Focused on chemical properties rather than physical properties === Modern Developments === The periodic table continued to evolve through the 20th century: * 1913: Henry Moseley established atomic number as the fundamental organizing principle * 1940s: Glenn Seaborg's work on transuranium elements led to the actinide concept * 1945: Development of the modern form with separate f-block * 2016: Completion of the seventh period with elements 113, 115, 117, and 118
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