Editing A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (section)

=== Reactions ===

India reacted to Kalam's death with an outpouring of grief; numerous tributes were paid to the former president across the nation and on social media.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-33685083|title=People's president: India mourns Abdul Kalam|date=28 July 2015|publisher=BBC|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730230504/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-33685083|archive-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> The Government of India declared a seven-day [[National day of mourning|state mourning]] period as a mark of respect.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Seven-day-state-mourning-but-no-holiday/articleshow/48246786.cms|title=Seven-day state mourning but no holiday|date=28 July 2015|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731030228/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Seven-day-state-mourning-but-no-holiday/articleshow/48246786.cms|archive-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> President [[Pranab Mukherjee]], Vice-president [[Hamid Ansari]], Home Minister [[Rajnath Singh]], and other leaders condoled the former President's demise.<ref name="AS" /> Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] said "Kalam's death is a great loss to the scientific community. He took India to great heights. He showed the way."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/former-indian-president-apj-abdul-kalam-has-died-aged-83|title=Former President APJ Abdul Kalam has died aged 83|access-date=28 July 2015|newspaper=The Guardian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821123429/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/former-indian-president-apj-abdul-kalam-has-died-aged-83|archive-date=21 August 2015}}</ref> Former Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh, who had served as prime minister under Kalam, said, "our country has lost a great human being who made phenomenal contributions to the promotion of self-reliance in defence technologies. I worked very closely with Dr. Kalam as prime minister and I greatly benefited from his advice as president of our country. His life and work will be remembered for generations to come."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/a-p-j-abdul-kalam-was-great-human-being-manmohan-singh/articleshow/48243977.cms|title=A.P.J Abdul Kalam was great human being: Manmohan Singh|date=28 July 2015|newspaper=The Economic Times|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731001941/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/a-p-j-abdul-kalam-was-great-human-being-manmohan-singh/articleshow/48243977.cms|archive-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> [[ISRO]] chairman [[A. S. Kiran Kumar]] called his former colleague "a great personality and a gentleman", while former chairman [[G. Madhavan Nair]] described Kalam as "a global leader" for whom "the downtrodden and poor people were his priority. He always had a passion to convey what is in his mind to the young generation", adding that his death left a vacuum which none could fill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/abdul-kalams-death-tremendous-loss-to-india-isro-chief-a-s-krishna-kumar-1201137|title=Abdul Kalam's Death Tremendous Loss to India: ISRO Chief A S Kiran Kumar|date=29 July 2015|publisher=NDTV.com|access-date=29 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730021211/http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/abdul-kalams-death-tremendous-loss-to-india-isro-chief-a-s-krishna-kumar-1201137|archive-date=30 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/karmayogi-kalam-s-death-a-great-loss-for-humanity-says-ex-isro-chief-115072900491_1.html|title='Karmayogi' Kalam's death a 'great loss for humanity', says ex-ISRO chief|date=29 July 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|access-date=29 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121146/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/karmayogi-kalam-s-death-a-great-loss-for-humanity-says-ex-isro-chief-115072900491_1.html|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>

[[South Asia]]n leaders expressed condolences and lauded the late statesman. The Bhutanese government ordered the country's flags to fly at half-staff to mourn Kalam's death and lit 1000 butter lamps in homage. Bhutanese Prime Minister [[Tshering Tobgay]] expressed deep sadness, saying Kalam "was a leader greatly admired by all people, especially the youth of India who have referred to him as the people's President".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuenselonline.com/former-indian-president-apj-abdul-kalam-passes-away/|title=Former Indian President APJ Abdul Kalam passes away|date=28 July 2015|publisher=Kuensel|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730124415/http://www.kuenselonline.com/former-indian-president-apj-abdul-kalam-passes-away/|archive-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> [[Bangladesh]] Prime Minister [[Sheikh Hasina]] described Kalam as "a rare combination of a great statesman, acclaimed scientist, and a source of inspiration to the young generation of South Asia" and termed his death an "irreparable loss to India and beyond". [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] chief [[Khaleda Zia]] said "as a nuclear scientist, he engaged himself in the welfare of the people". [[Ashraf Ghani]], the [[President of Afghanistan]], called Kalam "an inspirational figure to millions of people," noting that "we have a lot to learn from his life". Nepalese Prime Minister [[Sushil Koirala]] recalled Kalam's scientific contributions to India: "Nepal has lost a good friend and I have lost an honoured and ideal personality." The [[President of Pakistan]], [[Mamnoon Hussain]], and [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] [[Nawaz Sharif]] also expressed their grief and condolences on his death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.president.gov.pk/gop/index.php?q=aHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguNzAuMTMwOjkwODAvcG9wL05ld3NEZXRhaWwuYXNweD9pZD0xODc%3D |title=President condoles demise of former Indian President |access-date=29 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912085138/http://www.president.gov.pk/gop/index.php?q=aHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguNzAuMTMwOjkwODAvcG9wL05ld3NEZXRhaWwuYXNweD9pZD0xODc%3D |archive-date=12 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Dawn |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/149875 |title=Dawn.com |publisher=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |date=19 February 2012 |access-date=17 April 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305144016/https://twitter.com/@pmln_org |archive-date=5 March 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/world-leaders-pay-glowing-tributes-to-inspirational-kalam-115072801081_1.html|title=World leaders pay glowing tributes to inspirational Kalam|author=PTI|date=28 July 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144046/http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/world-leaders-pay-glowing-tributes-to-inspirational-kalam-115072801081_1.html|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> The [[President of Sri Lanka]], [[Maithripala Sirisena]], also expressed his condolences. "Dr. Kalam was a man of firm conviction and indomitable spirit, and I saw him as an outstanding statesman of the world. His death is an irreparable loss not only to India but to the entire world."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/node/87537|title=Sri Lankan President Condoles the Death of Dr A P J Abdul Kalam|date=28 July 2015|newspaper=Asian Tribune|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729131137/http://www.asiantribune.com/node/87537|archive-date=29 July 2015}}</ref> Maldivian President [[Abdulla Yameen]] and Vice-president [[Ahmed Adeeb]] condoled Kalam's death, with Yameen naming him as a close friend of the Maldives who would continue to be an inspiration to Indians and generations of South Asians. Former President [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]], who had made an official visit to India during Kalam's presidency, termed his demise as a great loss to all of humankind.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/maldivian-leaders-condole-apj-abdul-kalam-death-25725.html|title=Maldivian leaders condole Kalam's death|date=31 July 2015|publisher=IndiaTV News.com|access-date=1 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801173137/http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/maldivian-leaders-condole-apj-abdul-kalam-death-25725.html|archive-date=1 August 2015}}</ref> The Commander-in-Chief of the [[Myanmar Armed Forces]], Senior General [[Min Aung Hlaing]], expressed condolences on behalf of the Myanmar government.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/government-press-release/sr-gen-u-min-aung-hliang-commander-in-chief-of-myanmar-115072900759_1.html|title=Sr. Gen. U Min Aung Hliang, Commander-in-Chief of Myanmar Defence Services calls on PM|date=29 July 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|access-date=29 July 2015|archive-date=9 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409063429/https://www.business-standard.com/article/government-press-release/sr-gen-u-min-aung-hliang-commander-in-chief-of-myanmar-115072900759_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Dalai Lama]] expressed his sadness and offered condolences and prayers, calling Kalam's death "an irreparable loss".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thetibetpost.com/en/news/international/4662-hh-the-dalai-lama-expresses-sadness-over-abdul-kalams-demise|title=HH the Dalai Lama expresses sadness over Abdul Kalam's demise|author=Choesang, Yeshe|date=28 July 2015|publisher=Tibet Post International|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801001548/http://www.thetibetpost.com/en/news/international/4662-hh-the-dalai-lama-expresses-sadness-over-abdul-kalams-demise|archive-date=1 August 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Vladimir Putin with Abdul Kalam 26 January 2007.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Kalam along with [[Vladimir Putin]] and [[Manmohan Singh]] during his presidency]] [[Kathleen Wynne]], the [[Premier of Ontario]], which Kalam had visited on numerous occasions, expressed "deepest condolences ... as a respected scientist, he played a critical role in the development of the Indian space programme. As a committed educator, he inspired millions of young people to achieve their very best. And as a devoted leader, he gained support both at home and abroad, becoming known as 'the people's President'. I join our Indo{{ndash}}Canadian families, friends, and neighbours in mourning the passing of this respected leader."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2015/07/premiers-statement-on-the-passing-of-former-indian-president-dr-apj-abdul-kalam.html|title=Statement:Premier's Statement on the Passing of Former Indian President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam|date=28 July 2015|publisher=Government of Ontario|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811132755/http://news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2015/07/premiers-statement-on-the-passing-of-former-indian-president-dr-apj-abdul-kalam.html|archive-date=11 August 2015}}</ref> United States President [[Barack Obama]] extended "deepest condolences to the people of India on the passing of former Indian President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam", and highlighted his achievements as a scientist and as a statesman, notably his role in strengthening [[US–India relations]] and increasing space co-operation between the two nations. "Suitably named 'the People's President', Dr. Kalam's humility and dedication to public service served as an inspiration to millions of Indians and admirers around the world."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/07/28/statement-president-death-former-indian-president-dr-apj-abdul-kalam|title=Statement by the President on the Death of Former Indian President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam|date=28 July 2015|publisher=The White House: Office of the Press Secretary|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211024352/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/07/28/statement-president-death-former-indian-president-dr-apj-abdul-kalam|archive-date=11 February 2017}}</ref>
Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] expressed sincere condolences and conveyed his sympathy and support "to the near and dear ones of the deceased leader, to the government, and entire people of India". He remarked on Kalam's outstanding "personal contribution to the social, economic, scientific, and technical progress of India and in ensuring its national security," adding that Kalam would be remembered as a "consistent exponent of closer friendly relations between our nations, who has done a lot for cementing mutually beneficial Russian{{ndash}}Indian cooperation."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/putin-condoles-passing-away-of-dr-kalam-115072801471_1.html|title=Putin condoles passing away of Dr. Kalam|author=ANI|date=28 July 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121243/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/putin-condoles-passing-away-of-dr-kalam-115072801471_1.html|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> Other international leaders—including former Indonesian president [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]], Malaysian Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]], Singaporean Prime Minister [[Lee Hsien Loong]], President of the [[United Arab Emirates]] [[Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan|Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan]], and vice-president and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates and [[emir]] of [[Dubai]] [[Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum|Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum]]—also paid tribute to Kalam.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://time.com/3974357/apj-abdul-kalam-death-tributes-condolences/|title=India Pays Tribute to 'People's President' A.P.J. Abdul Kalam|author=Rishi Iyengar|date=28 July 2015|magazine=Time|access-date=28 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728100208/http://time.com/3974357/apj-abdul-kalam-death-tributes-condolences/|archive-date=28 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emirates247.com/news/uae-rulers-offer-condolences-on-death-of-former-indian-president-2015-07-27-1.598219 |title=UAE Rulers offer condolences on death of former Indian president – Emirates 24&#124;7 |website=Emirates247.com |date=27 July 2015 |access-date=17 April 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620230123/http://www.emirates247.com/news/uae-rulers-offer-condolences-on-death-of-former-indian-president-2015-07-27-1.598219 |archive-date=20 June 2017 }}</ref> In a special gesture, [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]] [[Ban Ki-moon]] visited the [[Diplomatic mission|Permanent Mission of India to the UN]] and signed a condolence book. "The outpouring of grief around the world is a testament of the respect and inspiration he has garnered during and after his presidency. The UN joins the people of India in sending our deepest condolences for this great statesman. May he rest in peace and eternity", Ban wrote in his message.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kalam-a-great-statesman-UN-secretary-general-Ban-Ki-moon/articleshow/48306130.cms |title=Kalam a 'great statesman': UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon – Times of India |website=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=1 August 2015 |access-date=17 April 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813115129/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kalam-a-great-statesman-UN-secretary-general-Ban-Ki-moon/articleshow/48306130.cms |archive-date=13 August 2015 }}</ref>
[[File:APJ Abdul Kalam Memorial Rameswaram.jpg|thumb|APJ Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram]]