File:Mariposa 88 Diaethria clymena (cropped).png
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Summary
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English: English: The numerical patterns visible on the wings of the “88 butterfly” (*Diaethria clymena*) originate during embryonic development from morphogenetic mechanisms described by Alan Turing in 1952—known as *Turing patterns*. In his reaction-diffusion model, two or more morphogens interact: an activator that promotes its own production and that of an inhibitor, and an inhibitor that diffuses more rapidly and suppresses the activator’s activity. This dynamic generates spatial instabilities that result in periodic concentrations of pigments or pigment-producing cells. In lepidopterans, these chemical gradients regulate the differential expression of genes involved in the synthesis of melanins and ommochromes, giving rise to stable patterns such as bands, circles, or numbers. In the case of the “88 butterfly,” local variations in the diffusion and activation rates of these morphogens produce the lines and closed curves that form its distinctive design—a classic example of biological self-organization governed by Turing equations.
Español: Español: Los patrones numéricos visibles en las alas de la "mariposa 88" Diaethria clymena se originan durante el desarrollo embrionario a partir de mecanismos morfogenéticos descritos por Alan Turing (los patrones de Turing) en 1952. En su modelo de reacción-difusión, dos o más morfógenos interactúan: un activador que estimula su propia producción y la de un inhibidor, y un inhibidor que se difunde más rápidamente y suprime la actividad del primero. Esta dinámica genera inestabilidades espaciales que se traducen en concentraciones periódicas de pigmentos o de células especializadas productoras de pigmentos. En lepidópteros, estos gradientes químicos regulan la expresión diferencial de genes asociados a la síntesis de melaninas y ommochromos, dando lugar a patrones estables como bandas, círculos o números. En el caso de la mariposa “88”, las variaciones locales en la difusión y la tasa de activación de estos morfógenos producen las líneas y curvas cerradas que conforman su distintivo dibujo, un ejemplo clásico de autoorganización biológica gobernada por ecuaciones de Turing. |
| Date | 21 December 2024, 10:43:31 |
| Source | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mariposa_88_Diaethria_clymena.jpg |
| Author | Brandon Antonio Segura Torres & Priscilla Vieto Bonilla |
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| current | 03:03, 10 January 2026 | | 1,295 × 1,102 (1.36 MB) | wikimediacommons>Xyqorophibian | Uploaded a work by Brandon Antonio Segura Torres & Priscilla Vieto Bonilla from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mariposa_88_Diaethria_clymena.jpg with UploadWizard |
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